Krížová kompilácia Qt 6.10 pre RaspiOS Trixie

Úvod

V predchádzajúcich blogoch Install Raspberry Pi OS on the Raspberry Compute Module 4 som písal o inštalácii Raspbianu na Raspberry Compute Module a nastavení krížovej kompilácie pre QtCreator na Ubuntu 20.

Tento blogpost je aktualizáciou na - v tejto chvíli - najnovšiu verziu 6.10 Qt, RaspiOS Trixie a Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

V tomto prípade som použil virtuálny počítač vytvorený pomocou UTM na počítači MacBook Pro M1.

Požiadavky

Používa sa tento hardvér a softvér

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5
MacBook Pro M1 s nainštalovaným UTM
Ubuntu 24.0.4 LTS, arm64
Qt verzia 6.10.1
QtCreator 18

Inštalácia a nastavenie výpočtového modulu 5 a Ubuntu v UTM nie je obsahom tohto blogpostu, pretože na internete možno nájsť mnoho návodov.

Nastavenie Raspberry CM5

Flashovanie obrazu do eMMC pomocou Raspberry Pi Imager
Postupujte podľa inštalácie a nezabudnite na nastavenie pre vzdialené pripojenie (ssh)
Pripojte sa k RPi pomocou ssh -> v mojom prípade na IP adresu 192.168.2.194 a používateľa pi -> z hostiteľa Ubuntu

ssh [email protected]

Nainštalujte potrebný softvér:

sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev libudev-dev libinput-dev libts-dev libmtdev-dev libjpeg-dev libfontconfig1-dev libssl-dev libdbus-1-dev libglib2.0-dev libxkbcommon-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libgbm-dev libgles2-mesa-dev mesa-common-dev libasound2-dev libpulse-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev  gstreamer1.0-alsa libvpx-dev libsrtp2-dev libsnappy-dev libnss3-dev "^libxcb.*" flex bison libxslt-dev ruby gperf libbz2-dev libcups2-dev libatkmm-1.6-dev libxi6 libxcomposite1 libfreetype6-dev libicu-dev libsqlite3-dev libxslt1-dev

sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libx11-dev freetds-dev libsqlite3-dev libpq-dev libiodbc2-dev firebird-dev libxext-dev libxcb1 libxcb1-dev libx11-xcb1 libx11-xcb-dev libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0 libxcb-image0-dev libxcb-shm0 libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-icccm4-dev libxcb-sync1 libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-render-util0-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxrender-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxi-dev libdrm-dev libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinerama0-dev libatspi2.0-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxss-dev libxtst-dev libpci-dev libcap-dev libxrandr-dev libdirectfb-dev libaudio-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev gdbserver

Vytvorte priečinok pre inštaláciu Qt 6:

sudo mkdir /usr/local/qt6

Na koniec ~/.bashrc pridajte nasledujúcu časť kódu a aktualizujte zmeny:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/qt6/lib/
source ~/.bashrc

Nastavenie Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

Aktualizujte softvérové balíky na najnovšie verzie:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Nainštalujte nasledujúce balíky:

sudo apt-get install make cmake build-essential libclang-dev clang ninja-build gcc git bison python3 gperf pkg-config libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libx11-dev libx11-xcb-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev libxi-dev libxrender-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4-dev libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render-util0-dev libxcb-util-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev libatspi2.0-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev freeglut3-dev python3-html5lib libxcb-dri3-dev libxkbfile-dev libxshmfence-dev libxrandr-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libdrm-dev libwayland-dev

Budovanie Qt6

Existujú dve možnosti zostavenia Qt6. Existuje verzia na stiahnutie "single" (https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.10/6.10.1/single/qt-everywhere-src-6.10.1.tar.xz), ktorá obsahuje qtbase a všetky podmoduly. Je to veľmi ťažká vec a na jej kompiláciu je potrebný veľký výkon a čas.

Moje odporúčanie je skompilovať qtbase ako základ a potom skompilovať len každý submodul, ktorý potrebujete, zvlášť.

Vytvorte priečinky pre sysroot a qt6. Ja som tieto priečinky vytvoril v adresári Documents/Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie.

mkdir ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie
cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie
mkdir rpi-sysroot rpi-sysroot/usr rpi-sysroot/opt
mkdir qt6 qt6/host qt6/pi qt6/host-build qt6/pi-build qt6/src

Stiahnite si zdrojový kód QtBase

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/src
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.10/6.10.1/submodules/qtbase-everywhere-src-6.10.1.tar.xz
tar xf qtbase-everywhere-src-6.10.1.tar.xz

premenujte qtbase-everywhere-src-6.10.1 na qtbase, pretože qttranslations nemôže pracovať s qtbase-everywhere-src-6.10.1

mv qtbase-everywhere-src-6.10.1 qtbase

Zostavte Qt6 pre hostiteľa

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host-build

cmake ../src/qtbase/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host

cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Binárne súbory budú v ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host

Zostavenie Qt6 pre rpi

Skopírujte a vložte niekoľko priečinkov z rpi pomocou rsync cez SSH.

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie
rsync -avzS --rsync-path="rsync" --delete [email protected]:/lib/* ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot/lib
rsync -avzS --rsync-path="rsync" --delete [email protected]:/usr/include/* ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot/usr/include
rsync -avzS --rsync-path="rsync" --delete [email protected]:/usr/lib/* ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot/usr/lib
rsync -avzS --rsync-path="rsync" --delete [email protected]:/opt/vc ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot/opt/vc

Vytvorte súbor s názvom toolchain.cmake v ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie.
Riadok "set(TARGET_SYSROOT ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot)" musíte upraviť podľa svojho prostredia.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.18)
include_guard(GLOBAL)

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)

set(TARGET_SYSROOT /home/whale/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/rpi-sysroot)
set(CMAKE_SYSROOT ${TARGET_SYSROOT})

set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_PATH} $PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig)
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR} /usr/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig/:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/pkgconfig)
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR} ${CMAKE_SYSROOT})

# if you use other version of gcc and g++ than gcc/g++ 9, you must change the following variables
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-13)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++-13)

set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -I${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/include")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")

set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS "-march=armv8-a")
set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -pipe -DNDEBUG")
set(QT_LINKER_FLAGS "-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed")

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_RPATH ${TARGET_SYSROOT})


include(CMakeInitializeConfigs)

function(cmake_initialize_per_config_variable _PREFIX _DOCSTRING)
  if (_PREFIX MATCHES "CMAKE_(C|CXX|ASM)_FLAGS")
    set(CMAKE_${CMAKE_MATCH_1}_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS}")

    foreach (config DEBUG RELEASE MINSIZEREL RELWITHDEBINFO)
      if (DEFINED QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_${config})
        set(CMAKE_${CMAKE_MATCH_1}_FLAGS_${config}_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_${config}}")
      endif()
    endforeach()
  endif()


  if (_PREFIX MATCHES "CMAKE_(SHARED|MODULE|EXE)_LINKER_FLAGS")
    foreach (config SHARED MODULE EXE)
      set(CMAKE_${config}_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_LINKER_FLAGS}")
    endforeach()
  endif()

  _cmake_initialize_per_config_variable(${ARGV})
endfunction()

set(XCB_PATH_VARIABLE ${TARGET_SYSROOT})

set(GL_INC_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/include)
set(GL_LIB_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib)

set(EGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(EGL_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libEGL.so)

set(OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(OPENGL_opengl_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libOpenGL.so)

set(GLESv2_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(GLESv2_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libGLESv2.so)

set(gbm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(gbm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libgbm.so)

set(Libdrm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(Libdrm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libdrm.so)

set(XCB_XCB_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(XCB_XCB_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so)

Oprava absolútnych symbolických odkazov

sudo apt install symlinks
cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie
symlinks -rc rpi-sysroot

Zkompilujte zdrojový kód pre rpi.

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi-build

cmake ../src/qtbase/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DINPUT_opengl=es2 -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DQT_HOST_PATH=$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host -DCMAKE_STAGING_PREFIX=$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/qt6 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/toolchain.cmake -DQT_QMAKE_TARGET_MKSPEC=devices/linux-rasp-pi4-aarch64 -DQT_FEATURE_wayland=ON

cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Odoslanie binárnych súborov do rpi.

rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" $HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi/* [email protected]:/usr/local/qt6

Konfigurácia programu QtCreator

Nastavenie kompilátorov
Set up Debuggers
Set up Devices

Test the connection with the button "Test"
Set up Qt Versions
Set up Kits
Customize build, deploy and run settings

Pridanie podmodulov Qt

Stiahnite si zdrojové kódy:

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/src
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.10/6.10.1/submodules/qttools-everywhere-src-6.10.1.tar.xz
tar xf qttools-everywhere-src-6.10.1.tar.xz
mv qttools-everywhere-src-6.10.1 qttools

Musíte skontrolovať závislosti na /workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src/qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0/dependencies.yaml a /workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src/qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0/dependencies.yaml.

Uistite sa, že požadované moduly by mali byť zostavené a nainštalované ako prvé.

Zostavte moduly pre hostiteľa.

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host-build
rm -rf *
$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/host/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qttools
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Zostavte moduly pre rpi

cd ~/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi-build
rm -rf *
$HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qttools
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Odošlite binárne súbory do rpi.

rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" $HOME/Documents/Qt-Cross-Compile/raspi-os-trixie/qt6/pi/* [email protected]:/usr/local/qt6

Poďakovanie

Zdroje použité na vytvorenie tohto návodu:

https://wiki.qt.io/Cross-Compile_Qt_6_for_Raspberry_Pi